Technology, Engineering and Computer Science

The premier online source for science news since 1996. A service of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.http://www.eurekalert.org en-usCopyright 2012 by the American Association for the Advancement of ScienceTue, 19 Jun 2012 04:48:03 EDTEurekAlert!http://www.eurekalert.org/images/logo.gifhttp://www.eurekalert.org The premier online source for science news since 1996. A service of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.60webmaster@eurekalert.org (EurekAlert!)(<i>University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science</i>) The world's corals are at risk of disintegrating thanks to increasingly acidic ocean waters, but what about the sponges? Graduate student Jan Vicente at the Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology has been awarded the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's prestigious Dr. Nancy Foster Scholarship to find out.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/uomc-nsa061812.php Tue, 19 Jun 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/uomc-nsa061812.php(<i>University of Southern California</i>) What does a robot feel when it touches something? Little or nothing until now. Researchers at the USC Viterbi School of Engineering published a study in Frontiers in Neurorobotics showing that specially designed robots can be equipped with a sense of touch even more sensitive than humans.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/uosc-rga061812.php Mon, 18 Jun 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/uosc-rga061812.php(<i>NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center</i>) Countries like Brazil are using data from NASA satellites to track and measure their forests in advance of a United Nations effort to reduce climate change by providing "carbon credits" for protected land.The concept is known as REDD+, which stands for Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation. It includes monitoring forest degradation and efforts in conservation and sustainable management.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/nsfc-lst061812.php Mon, 18 Jun 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/nsfc-lst061812.php(<i>NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center</i>) Tropical Storm Talim was born today in the South China Sea, and NASA's TRMM satellite noticed the heaviest rainfall in the storm is occurring in the south and western quadrants of the storm. NASA's Aqua Satellite noticed that some of Talim's rainfall is reaching Vietnam.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/nsfc-nrh061812.php Mon, 18 Jun 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/nsfc-nrh061812.php(<i>NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center</i>) All hatches should be battened down at Kadena Air Base, Japan as NASA satellite imagery today, June 18, revealed the northern quadrant of Typhoon Guchol as already affecting the island.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/nsfc-nsp061812.php Mon, 18 Jun 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/nsfc-nsp061812.php(<i>Northwestern University</i>) Northwestern University has received its first research grants from the Qatar National Research Fund, opening the door to increased collaborations between Northwestern faculty and researchers in Qatar. The two National Priorities Research Program grants will support a project on neural engineering and another project on the molecular surface science of materials. The awards illustrate how Northwestern's partnership with the Qatar Foundation has evolved from the founding of Northwestern University in Qatar to now include grant-funded research.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/nu-gat061812.php Mon, 18 Jun 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/nu-gat061812.php(<i>DOE/Argonne National Laboratory</i>) The Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory outside of Chicago partners with the Canadian Light Source to tackle global challenges.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/dnl-aps061812.php Mon, 18 Jun 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/dnl-aps061812.php(<i>University of California - Riverside</i>) UC Riverside biochemists have found that increasing the level of dehydroascorbate reductase, a naturally occurring enzyme that recycles vitamin C in plants and animals, increases the vitamin's level and results in the production of twin and triplet seedlings in a single seed. The discovery's value lies in the potential to produce genetically identical seedlings and increase production of high-value crops. The extra seedlings per seed may also enhance per-seed survival chances for some species.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/uoc--lbv061812.php Mon, 18 Jun 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/uoc--lbv061812.php(<i>Washington University in St. Louis</i>) A cross-Atlantic collaboration between scientists at Washington University in St. Louis, and the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility and the European Molecular Biology Laboratory, both in Grenoble, France, has revealed the workings of a switch that activates plant hormones, tags them for storage or marks them for destruction.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/wuis-kpo061812.php Mon, 18 Jun 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/wuis-kpo061812.php(<i>DOE/Brookhaven National Laboratory</i>) Overturning two long-held misconceptions about oil production in algae, scientists show that ramping up the microbes' overall metabolism by feeding them more carbon increases oil production as the organisms continue to grow. The findings may point to new ways to turn photosynthetic green algae into tiny "green factories" for producing raw materials for alternative fuels.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/dnl-cik061812.php Mon, 18 Jun 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/dnl-cik061812.php(<i>University of Miami Rosenstiel School of Marine & Atmospheric Science</i>) A multi-model seasonal climate prediction system can improve NOAA's operational forecasts in predicting severe floods or droughts, especially in south Florida. NOAA, NASA, NSF and the Department of Energy awarded a two-year grant of $1.9 M to a team led by University of Miami Professor Ben Kirtman. This new effort will expand on the group's work, establishing a comprehensive multi-model prediction available in real-time to all sectors of society.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/uomr-uom061812.php Mon, 18 Jun 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/uomr-uom061812.php(<i>Springer</i>) A new book, "The Universal Machine," by Ian Watson introduces the fascinating characters behind the computer's development. They include a Victorian steam punk pioneer, an aristocratic lady whose talents and lifestyle were quite scandalous, the tragic Alan Turing, whose genius helped win WWII, and a rag-tag bunch of dropouts who not only shaped the PC, but gave birth to the counter-culture that drives Silicon Valley today: Apple's Wozniak and Jobs, Bill Gates, and Mark Zuckerberg.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/s-lwt061812.php Mon, 18 Jun 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/s-lwt061812.php(<i>University of Miami</i>) Researchers from the University of Miami are unveiling a novel theory for high-temperature superconductivity. The team hopes the new finding gives insight into the process, and brings the scientific community closer to achieving superconductivity at higher temperatures than currently possible.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/uom-hst061812.php Mon, 18 Jun 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/uom-hst061812.php(<i>Children's Hospital of Philadelphia</i>) BGI, the world's largest genomics organization, and the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia today announced that they have jointly initiated the 1,000 Rare Diseases Project with the aim of accelerating the discovery of genetic variants underlying rare diseases. While each disease is rare, in total rare diseases affect an estimated one out of every 12 newborns.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/chop-bat061812.php Mon, 18 Jun 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/chop-bat061812.php(<i>North Carolina State University</i>) North Carolina State University researchers have shown that the "bulkiness" of molecules commonly used in the creation of gold nanoparticles actually dictates the size of the nanoparticles - with larger so-called ligands resulting in smaller nanoparticles. The research team also found that each type of ligand produces nanoparticles in a particular array of discrete sizes.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/ncsu-siu061812.php Mon, 18 Jun 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/ncsu-siu061812.php(<i>Georgia Institute of Technology Research News</i>) GTRI researchers have developed a prototype automated pavement crack detection and sealing system. In road tests, the system was able to detect cracks smaller than one-eighth-inch wide and efficiently fill cracks from a vehicle moving at a speed of three miles per hour.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/giot-grd061812.php Mon, 18 Jun 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/giot-grd061812.php(<i>Carnegie Mellon University</i>) Tiramisu Transit LLC, a Carnegie Mellon University spinoff, has received Small Business Innovation Research Phase I funding from the US Department of Transportation to commercialize Tiramisu, the smartphone application that enables transit riders to create real-time information about bus schedules and seating.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/cmu-cms061812.php Mon, 18 Jun 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/cmu-cms061812.php(<i>Economic & Social Research Council</i>) Teaching and learning in the 21st century needs to be 'turbo-charged' by educational technology rather than using technologies designed for other purposes, according to a new report developed by the Technology-Enhanced Learning Research Programme - a five-year research program funded jointly by the Economic and Social Research Council and the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/esr-drb061812.php Mon, 18 Jun 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/esr-drb061812.php(<i>Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncologicas (CNIO)</i>) Sequencing the human genome was just the first step. The next challenge is of the kind that makes history: To decode the genome, and understand how the information needed to construct a human being can be packaged into a single molecule. And there are a lot more than loose ends in the way of a solution. A group of bioinformatics experts at the Spanish National Cancer Research Centre in Madrid have published findings which point to still unexplored coding potential within the genome.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/cndi-bea061812.php Mon, 18 Jun 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/cndi-bea061812.php(<i>The Translational Genomics Research Institute</i>) FORMA Therapeutics and TGen Drug Development today announced an agreement to jointly develop transformative cancer therapies, leveraging the synergistic capabilities of both organizations.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/ttgr-ftt061712.php Mon, 18 Jun 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/ttgr-ftt061712.php(<i>Tufts University, Health Sciences Campus</i>) Researchers have unveiled a novel strategy for neutralizing unwanted molecules and clearing them from the body using chains of binding agents, like "beads on a string", which target two sites on one or more pathogenic molecules to neutralize their activity and promote their clearance by the body's immune system.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/tuhs-asm061512.php Mon, 18 Jun 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/tuhs-asm061512.php(<i>Imperial College London</i>) Do away with the DJ and scrap the composer. A computer program powered by Darwinian natural selection and the musical tastes of 7,000 website users may be on the way to creating a perfect pop tune, according to new research published today in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/icl-oto061512.php Mon, 18 Jun 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/icl-oto061512.php(<i>American Chemical Society</i>) American Chemical Society President Bassam Z. Shakhashiri will announce the winners of the prestigious Presidential Green Chemistry Awards at 3 p.m. on Wednesday, June 18, 2012. The announcement will be in the Rachel Carson Green Room at EPA Headquarters.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/acs-wop061412.php Mon, 18 Jun 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/acs-wop061412.php(<i>University of Utah</i>) Scientists worldwide are racing to sequence DNA -- decipher genetic blueprints -- faster and cheaper than ever by passing strands of the genetic material through molecule-sized pores. Now, University of Utah scientists have adapted this "nanopore" method to find DNA damage that can lead to mutations and disease.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/uou-uou061312.php Mon, 18 Jun 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/uou-uou061312.php(<i>National Institute for Physiological Sciences</i>) The collaborative research team led by Professor Tadashi ISA, developed "the double viral vector transfection technique," which can deliver genes to a specific neural circuit by combining two new kinds of gene transfer vectors. With this method, they found that "indirect pathways," which were suspected to have been left behind in the course of evolution, actually plays an important role in the highly developed dexterous hand movements. This research result will be published in Nature.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/nifp-moa061412.php Sun, 17 Jun 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/nifp-moa061412.php

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